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Kein Abstract vorhanden.
Several cultural heritage institutions all around the world have set up special services, trainings, courses or programs focusing on curation of digital material. Digital curation is a multifaceted task with a great variety of responsibilities, preconditions and objectives. For the first time in this field the DigCurV project offers a framework to locate competences and skills related to vocational education and training regarding digital curation processes. Referring to this framework should be a good starting point for differentiated educational activities focusing on special target groups, their educational background, the objectives of the digital curation process, and the material which has to be curated. Based on this, additional frameworks comprising these educational activities can be set up – still referring to the DigCurV framework partially or in total. This will offer the opportunity to compare educational activities regarding content and the results achieved. Beside these efforts regarding content and concepts of digital curation education there is another ongoing challenge: getting people involved and making them eager to curate (their) digital material properly. The curation job is hardly glamorous or much admired. For the most part it is a service-oriented back office activity demanding functionality and perfection. For a long time, specialists will be needed – and will need qualified training – to meet these requirements. Increasing awareness of the need for digital curation by professionals and the public offers opportunities to get digital curation professionals and their skills involved even in everyone’s working environment.
In recent years, access to and curation of research data have become a topic of discussion in national and international think tanks and advisory groups. There are various concepts and suggestions to stimulate and improve competences in dealing with research data. In addition, semantic web technologies and Linked Open Data are raising the awareness for access to data and environments in which data can be processed, retrieved, reused and preserved. Competences in dealing with these challenges will extend the scope of work and the tasks not only of researchers but of librarians as well. In the context of a survey on digital preservation of research data in Germany, research data-related tasks have been identified and consequences for the scope of library activities and qualification needs of librarians have been suggested. Competences in collecting, describing, and processing domain-related data in connection with other activities in digital curation of research data gain in importance. LIS (Library and Information Science) curricula should cover these extended qualification needs.
Kein Abstract vorhanden.
In the last few years the issue of curation of research data has become a topic of enhanced interest in scientific communities. But there is no clear understanding of how to deal with curation of research data. Regarding the situation in Germany, there was no clear picture of the methods that different academic disciplines use to preserve and curate their research data. Even more there was no clear understanding and consensus which role libraries could or should play in this issue. A baseline study was conducted in cooperation with nestor and the D-Grid GmbH in Germany. The study gives more stable data to scientists, service infrastructure experts and politicians to foster strategic concepts for digital curation and preservation in and between the disciplines. The survey addressed eleven disciplines including the humanities, social sciences, psycholinguistics, pedagogics, classical studies, geoscience, climate research, biodiversity, particle physics, astronomy and medicine. Results can be seen as more or less representative for the situation in Germany. Findings show that libraries and data centers are involved but there is no clear result on the role libraries should or will play in the field. Libraries which are in close connection to scientists have an advantage in being addressed as institutions responsible for digital curation and preservation. Librarian’s competences regarding research data still have to be proofed. Nevertheless individual scientists and research data centers might need librarian´s expertise regarding the application of metadata standards and the provision of services in connection with the research data curated by institutions. Qualification and training regarding curation of research data is still at its beginning and should be addressed by programs of universities.
Information literacy in secondary schools in England : challenges to implementing a teaching tool
(2017)
The skills required to become an information literate person should be taught and learned in schools from an early age on. The focus in schools lies in raising student attainment and being information literate has a positive impact on the attainment. However, the teaching of IL is often overlooked in English schools. This thesis introduces the English educational system as well as the National Curriculum and analyses the situation in English secondary schools with focus on the challenges that school librarians face when trying to provide learning opportunities to gain IL skills. Several different IL frameworks, models and standards are evaluated for their suitability as a practical teaching tool for school librarians and teachers. It is concluded that there is a need for an easy-to-use scheme that can be adopted in any secondary school in England and other countries with a similar school system. Building on the analysis of the literature a new Scheme for Teaching IL in English Secondary Schools (STILESS) as well as an exemplary lesson plan will be developed. STILESS and the lesson plan are not only a practical teaching tool but also a useful instrument to promote IL in general across schools with leadership, teachers and students.
In the second decade of the 21st century, far-right ideas and groups have made themselves present and active in politics in the west, even winning local and national elections in some countries, such as the United States, Brazil and Hungary. While having specific ideological and cultural differences in its many forms in different countries, the far-right movement on an international scale has proven to be similar in its core and tactics.
This new-born far-right is in essence populist, defends conservative values, and navigates in what in popular use - and to some extent in academic discourse - is called post-truth politics. The concept of post-truth politics can be summarized as an increasing disregard to factual evidence in political discourse and decision-making. As the term “post-truth” suggests, facts regarding what is in discussion and the opinion of experts are secondary, if important at all, in comparison to emotional aspects being communicated. The condition for the success of the message is its appeal to the listener’s beliefs and values. Given this conjecture, conspiracy theories and science denialism can be powerful rhetorical tools in political discourse. A politician who constantly communicates using these tactics is Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro. Since before he was elected, the then candidate had always been heavily present in social media and been accused of spreading disinformation and fake news on his online profiles, which continued during his term. As the Covid-19 pandemic started, the executive organ of the Brazilian government minimized the importance and gravity of the situation in disregard to the orientation of the massive majority of the scientific community. In October 2021 Brazil reached over 600.000 deaths by COVID since the beginning of the pandemic, according to official data, which makes the country the 7th on the ranking of deaths per million.
This thesis aims to, firstly, discuss the interaction and causes of the rise of the far-right, post-truth politics, social media and the communication of conspiracy theories and science denialism in political discourse in general, but also to go deeper in the Brazilian context, in order to understand the events that lead to President Bolsonaro’s election, his ideology, rhetoric and communication. The second goal of this thesis is to identify conspiracy theories and science denialism in the official communication of the Brazilian government in regard to the COVID-19 pandemic; classify the content according to the structure of conspiracy theorization and science denialism; and analyze these findings within the scope of interactions described in the first part of the thesis. The third goal of this thesis is to discuss the findings of the second part and the outcomes (deaths, vaccination rate and willingness, adoption and disrespect of public health measures) of the pandemic in Brazil so far and to suggest topics for further research.
As a result of the widespread use of online networking sites, the ways in which people connect and network, both personally and professionally, have been transformed in recent years. Platforms such as LinkedIn or XING have profoundly changed the dynamics of professional networking by providing new means of contact and creating an environment that promotes the exchange of knowledge and ideas. However, compared to social network sites, professional network sites have received little attention in research despite their growing importance. Particularly, the relationship between the use of professional network sites and users' well-being has been understudied. However, the investigation of these platforms is of societal relevance given their consistent growth and the increasing importance of these platforms for both individuals and companies. Existing research on the relationship between the use of social network sites (SNS) and the subjective well-being of users has identified the usage type (active and passive use) as a relevant variable. The aim of this study was to transfer these findings to the context of professional network sites and to explore the relationship between the type of use of a professional network site and the subjective well-being of its users.For this purpose, the active-passive model of SNS use was applied to the context of professional network sites for the first time. To answer the research question, a quantitative online survey was conducted with 526 LinkedIn users. Results of the mediation analyses revealed an indirect positive relation between active use of LinkedIn and well-being. Conversely, a negative indirect relation was found between passive use of LinkedIn and subjective well-being. All tested mediating variables, including social capital for active use and upward social comparison, downward social comparison and envy for passive use, were determined to be relevant in explaining the link between well-being and active and passive LinkedIn use, respectively.
Kein Abstract vorhanden.
Analysing the systematics of search engine autocompletion functions by means of data mining methods
(2017)
In the internet era, the information that can be found about politicians online can influence
events such as the results of elections. Research has shown that biased search rankings can
shift the voting preferences of undecided voters. This shows the importance of studying
online search behaviour, especially in the pre-elections phase, when search results can
have a particular influence on the future political scene of a country.
This master thesis aimed to study the behaviour of online search engines in a period before
the German federal election in 2017. The aim was to ascertain if there is any pattern to be
found in the auto-suggestions for searches related to politicians.
In order to gather data for this experiment, a crawler browsed search engine web pages,
input a name and a surname of a politician, and saved that together with all autosuggestions
from the search engine. The autosuggestions were prepared for the analysis and
divided into semantic groups with the help of clustering algorithms.
Different statistical methods, such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, and clustering
were used to identify patterns in the data. The research showed that there are
no particularly strong patterns in the autosuggestions for searches related to politician’s
names. Only moderate dependence was found between gender and personal topics, and
showed that a higher amount of personal information autosuggestions correspond more
to female politicians.