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As a result of the widespread use of online networking sites, the ways in which people connect and network, both personally and professionally, have been transformed in recent years. Platforms such as LinkedIn or XING have profoundly changed the dynamics of professional networking by providing new means of contact and creating an environment that promotes the exchange of knowledge and ideas. However, compared to social network sites, professional network sites have received little attention in research despite their growing importance. Particularly, the relationship between the use of professional network sites and users' well-being has been understudied. However, the investigation of these platforms is of societal relevance given their consistent growth and the increasing importance of these platforms for both individuals and companies. Existing research on the relationship between the use of social network sites (SNS) and the subjective well-being of users has identified the usage type (active and passive use) as a relevant variable. The aim of this study was to transfer these findings to the context of professional network sites and to explore the relationship between the type of use of a professional network site and the subjective well-being of its users.For this purpose, the active-passive model of SNS use was applied to the context of professional network sites for the first time. To answer the research question, a quantitative online survey was conducted with 526 LinkedIn users. Results of the mediation analyses revealed an indirect positive relation between active use of LinkedIn and well-being. Conversely, a negative indirect relation was found between passive use of LinkedIn and subjective well-being. All tested mediating variables, including social capital for active use and upward social comparison, downward social comparison and envy for passive use, were determined to be relevant in explaining the link between well-being and active and passive LinkedIn use, respectively.
As the information era progresses, the sheer volume of information calls for sophisticated retrieval systems. Evaluating them holds the key to ensuring the reliability and relevance of retrieved information. If evaluated with renowned methods, the measured quality is generally presumed to be dependable. That said, it is often forgotten that most evaluations are only snapshots in time and the reliability might be only valid for a short moment. Further, each evaluation method makes assumptions about the circumstances of a search and thereby has different characteristics. Achieving reliable evaluation is critical to retain the aspired quality of an IR system and maintain the confidence of the users. Therefore, we investigate how the evaluation environment (EE) evolves over time and how this might affect the effectiveness of retrieval systems. Further, attention is paid to the differences in the evaluation methods and how they work together in a continuous evaluation framework. A literature review was conducted to investigate changing components which are then modeled in an extended EE. Exemplarily, the effect of document and qrel updates on the effectiveness of IR systems is investigated through reproducibility experiments in the LongEval shared task. As a result, 11 changing components together with initial measures to quantify how they change are identifed, the temporal consistency of five IR systems could precisely be quantifed through reproducibility and replicability measures and the findings were integrated into a continuous evaluation framework. Ultimately, this work contributes to more holistic evaluations in IR.
Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have become a popular topic in the art world in recent years, with many museums and other cultural institutions exploring ways to incorporate them into their operations. The technology has the potential to revolutionize how museums conduct their internal business, how they collect, display, and preserve digital art, as well as how they enable engagement and an immersive experience for visitors. The research question of this paper thus addresses the significance of NFTs in the evolution of museum practices.
Using a qualitative research approach, eleven museum experts were interviewed in semi-structured interviews about the evolution, the impact and the viability of NFTs. The results of the content analysis were then summarized, interpreted, and discussed in relation to the theoretical framework, and were subsequently converted into general conclusions for the museum sector. The process resulted in relevant information about the opportunities, challenges, and strategy of museums for implementing NFTs in museum practices.