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Digitalisation is shaping a new consumption era characterised by high connectivity, mobility and a broad range of easily accessible information on products, prices and alternatives. As a result, it becomes more difficult than ever to understand modern consumers along their complex and dynamic path to purchase. However, mobile data about consumers’ behaviour captured on their phone has high potential for facing this challenge. Yet, there is no solution on how to use this data to follow the consumers on their mobile devices. This thesis proposes a first approach on how mobile data collected with smartphone sensing technology can be analysed to assess mobile consumer behaviour along their customer journey. Based on current practices in customer journey analytics, a mobile customer journey model is developed and three analysis concepts are created, which are implemented in an explorative analysis. The results show that mobile sensing data presents a great opportunity for analysing mobile behaviour in three main research areas: examining the touchpoint performance of a brand across mobile apps, describing different target groups by their smartphone usage behaviour and deriving real customer journeys on users’ devices. Nonetheless, further exploration is necessary to unlock the full potential of mobile data in customer journey analytics.
Relevance: Political and private initiatives call for more female founders in start-ups as well as entrepreneurship but with regard to academic research not many studies focused yet on interdisciplinary studies on especially female start-up founders. There is more need to understand the topic to further encourage female founders.
Research question: The research question of this thesis is analysing what kind of patterns can be seen in the entrepreneurial, sociocultural and psychological profile of female founders compared in start-up ecosystems of three different countries, namely Germany, France and Israel?
Approach: I conducted 21 interviews, seven for each city, with a semi-structured guideline focusing on the entrepreneurial, sociocultural and psychological profile. The interviews were transcribed and afterwards analysed by combining the different profiles to find possible patterns. In a final step the observations from each country were compared to one another.
Findings: There are several possible patterns for each country evident. However, a cross-cultural comparison was made difficult by the heterogeneous groups of respondents. It was nevertheless possible to conclude on four crosscultural hypotheses: 1) Female entrepreneurs prefer to work first before starting their own business; 2) The female entrepreneurial profile is risk-taking, purpose-driven, innovative and autonomous; 3) Immigration has a positive effect on the intention to start a business; 4) The majority of female entrepreneurs have a higher education and come from a middle to upper social class.
The purpose of this research lies in uncovering the participants emotions when watching a personalized advertisement on the social media Instagram. This is of use to the marketing and psychology research community to discover more on consumer behavior and the controversy between privacy concerns and usefulness of advertisement personalization. The research question reads: “Does the use of personalization on social media advertisements incite (1) a change in the emotional state and (2) recall capability of German Instagram users aged 18-30 that diverges from the psychophysiological parameters measured by exposing these users to the same advertisements without personalization?”
Psychophysiological tests are used in combination with two self reported questionnaires that assess the participants positive and negative effect and the recall and recognition differences between the group given personalized stimuli including the participants name, location, and activity and the one group given impersonalized ones. The sample consists of n=31 German-speaking participants between the age of 18 and 30.
The results, although not all of statistic relevancy of α=0,05, show a trend that personalized advertisements instigate more positive valence and activation as not personalized stimuli. No significant or trending difference was found to the recall and recognition capabilities of the two groups.
In the second decade of the 21st century, far-right ideas and groups have made themselves present and active in politics in the west, even winning local and national elections in some countries, such as the United States, Brazil and Hungary. While having specific ideological and cultural differences in its many forms in different countries, the far-right movement on an international scale has proven to be similar in its core and tactics.
This new-born far-right is in essence populist, defends conservative values, and navigates in what in popular use - and to some extent in academic discourse - is called post-truth politics. The concept of post-truth politics can be summarized as an increasing disregard to factual evidence in political discourse and decision-making. As the term “post-truth” suggests, facts regarding what is in discussion and the opinion of experts are secondary, if important at all, in comparison to emotional aspects being communicated. The condition for the success of the message is its appeal to the listener’s beliefs and values. Given this conjecture, conspiracy theories and science denialism can be powerful rhetorical tools in political discourse. A politician who constantly communicates using these tactics is Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro. Since before he was elected, the then candidate had always been heavily present in social media and been accused of spreading disinformation and fake news on his online profiles, which continued during his term. As the Covid-19 pandemic started, the executive organ of the Brazilian government minimized the importance and gravity of the situation in disregard to the orientation of the massive majority of the scientific community. In October 2021 Brazil reached over 600.000 deaths by COVID since the beginning of the pandemic, according to official data, which makes the country the 7th on the ranking of deaths per million.
This thesis aims to, firstly, discuss the interaction and causes of the rise of the far-right, post-truth politics, social media and the communication of conspiracy theories and science denialism in political discourse in general, but also to go deeper in the Brazilian context, in order to understand the events that lead to President Bolsonaro’s election, his ideology, rhetoric and communication. The second goal of this thesis is to identify conspiracy theories and science denialism in the official communication of the Brazilian government in regard to the COVID-19 pandemic; classify the content according to the structure of conspiracy theorization and science denialism; and analyze these findings within the scope of interactions described in the first part of the thesis. The third goal of this thesis is to discuss the findings of the second part and the outcomes (deaths, vaccination rate and willingness, adoption and disrespect of public health measures) of the pandemic in Brazil so far and to suggest topics for further research.